.NET/ASP.NET/C#/VB.NET PDF Document SDK

does nothing more than describe the query. No work is done until we start to enumerate the bigFiles result with a foreach loop. And at each iteration of that loop, it does the minimum work required to get the next item this might involve retrieving multiple results from the underlying collection, because the where clause will keep fetching items until it either runs out or finds one that matches the condition. But even so, it does no more work than necessary. The picture may change a little as you use some of the more advanced features described later in this chapter for example, you can tell a LINQ query to sort your data, in which case it will probably have to look at all the results before it can work out the correct order. (Although even that s not a given it s possible to write a source that knows all about ordering, and if you have special knowledge about your data source, it may be possible to write a source that delivers data in order while still fetching items lazily. We ll see providers that do this when we look at how to use LINQ with databases in a later chapter.)

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Although deferred execution is almost always a good thing, there s one gotcha to bear in mind. Because the query doesn t run up front, it will run every time you evaluate it. LINQ doesn t keep a copy of the results when you execute the query, and there are good reasons you wouldn t want it to it could consume a lot of memory, and would prevent you from using the technique in Example 8-9. But it does mean that relatively innocuous-looking code can turn out to be quite expensive, particularly if you re using a LINQ provider for a database. Inadvertently evaluating the query multiple times could cause multiple trips to the database server.

http://drupal.org/security for a list of all security announcements relating to core Drupal http://drupal.org/security/contrib for all contrib-related security announcements http://drupal.org/security/psa for all security-related announcements http://drupal.org/taxonomy/term/100 for a list of all core and contrib modules that have updates, in chronological order

Having said that a String is immutable, we are now going to look at a class that is very, very much like a string, and yet it can be modified. Example 10-64 shows it in action.

RadioButtonFor 39 Rails 230 RangeAttribute 216 RedirectController, testing 59 RedirectResult 132 RedirectToAction 309 310 RedirectToRouteResult 134, 373 Refactor Pro 67 refactoring 30, 270, 281, 308, 310 refactoring tool 68, 293 reference 120, 123, 324 325 reflection 333 regedit 362 RegisterAllAreas 315 RegisterArea 303 RegisterTheViewsInTheEmbedd edViewEngine 315, 317 registry 195 regression testing 284 regular expression 262 RegularExpressionAttribute 216 relational database 124 125, 322 remote deployment 251 RenderAction 130, 318 319 RenderPartial 104, 139 140 repository 60, 62 64, 120, 124 126, 326 Save method not called 372 representational state transfer. See REST request forgery 153, 160 storage 106 values 206, 208 Request.Params 238 Request.QueryString 17 RequiredAttribute 40, 47, 216 217 RequireHttpsAttribute 154 ReSharper 67, 247, 285 refactor code 28 resource locator 227, 229, 241 resources 110 Response 106 Response.Write() 171 172 responsibility 54, 59, 120, 124 125, 269, 271 272, 274

string[] strings = SoliloquizeLikeAUser(); StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder(); foreach (string line in strings) { // Do something to look at the line... // then... output.AppendLine(line); } Console.WriteLine(output.ToString());

After we ve retrieved our array of strings, we create an (empty) instance of a StringBuilder. For each string in our array, we then call the AppendLine method to append the string, along with a suitable line-end character. Notice that we don t keep creating new instances of the StringBuilder as we go along. Instead, it automatically handles the job of allocating an appropriate amount of internal storage and appending each new string we pass it. When we construct the StringBuilder, it allocates a chunk of memory in which we can build the string initially it allocates enough space for 16 characters. If we append something that would make the string too long to fit, it allocates a new chunk of memory. Crucially, it allocates more than it needs, the idea being to have enough spare space to satisfy a few more appends without needing to allocate yet another chunk of memory. The precise details of the allocation strategy are not documented, but we ll see it in action shortly. In an ideal world, we would avoid overallocating, and avoid repeatedly having to allocate more space. If we have some way of knowing in advance how long the final string will be, we can do this, because we can specify the initial capacity of the StringBuilder in its constructor. Example 10-65 illustrates the effect.

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StringBuilder builder1 = new StringBuilder(); StringBuilder builder2 = new StringBuilder(1024); Console.WriteLine(builder1.Capacity); Console.WriteLine(builder1.Length); Console.WriteLine(builder2.Capacity); Console.WriteLine(builder1.Length);

You can access site reports by clicking the Reports link in the administration toolbar, as shown in Figure 11-4. This page contains a number of reports to help you understand site health and usage trends. I recommend you frequently check the reports on this page; I check reports at least once a week for some of my busier sites. The default installation enables several modules that contribute reports to this page, including search, field UI, status updates, and database logging. I also recommend enabling the statistics module, which provides several reports on how users interact with your site.

This would produce the output:

16 0 1024 0